Xander Home Study Guide: K12 Grade 8 ENGLISH

Read and takes notes from these links:

1.http://staff.washington.edu/marynell/grammar/logicalconnectors.html
2. http://www.abaenglish.com/blog/english-grammar-an-introduction-to-sentence-connectors/
3. https://learn.quipperschool.com/class/54ebebcc6d62353b1a007c1c/topic/53b216963828611e2100003b/quiz/attempt/1/question/1/lesson (need to log in)

Listen for important points signaled by volume, projection, pitch, stress, intonation, juncture, and rate of speech
a. Learning Module p.2-10);
b. http://www.nidoqubein.com/articledisplay.cfm?aid=35
c. http://www.jimssouthdelhi.com/studymaterial/BMC2/PDBMC.pdf (UNIT 1 ONLY)

How to Communicate Effectively
http://www.scientologycourses.org/courses/communication/step/1.html

I.Logical connectors

A.Sentence connectors- Used to express relationships and combine sentences.

Coordinate Conjunction- They connect words, phrases and ~~Santa~~ clauses. They are usually found in the middle of the sentence.
Example:

For

And

But

Nor

Yet

So

Or

Correlative conjunction- connects unequal sentences.

Example:

Both...and

not only... but also

not... but

either...or

neither...nor

whether...or

as...as

Subordinating Conjunctions- Connects dependent clauses and establishes a relationship between them.

Example:

If only

As long as

Rather than

As though

etc...

Linking Adverbs- Connects independent clauses or sentences.They provide transitions between ideas.

Example:

Accordingly

Indeed

consequently

conversely

etc...

Within these four categories we will find these divisions:

Addition

Alternative

cause and effect

comparison

emphasis

etc...

LOGICAL CONNECTORS TEST - https://www.quipperschool.com/en-PH/courses/english-grade-8-k-12-1/scanning-for-logical-connectors-to-determine-text-type-quiz.html

test result : https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m_JJS6k3rjmCDabV7J5wr8CpkhVI787LZyj3vrYQgnY/pub

Comprehensive test: Rewrite Notes

Monday, May 4, 2015

I.
Voice tips for effective speaking:
To make communication effective and appealing it requires:

Volume and pace: These qualities can work in unison and achieve powerful effects if it's used in a careful, controlled way.

Volume: Should be great enough to be heard by everyone trying to reach your voice.

Pace: Should be adapted to the message by drawing out simple effective points.

May 11, 2015

LC Listening Comprehension

Listen for important points signaled by volume, projection, pitch, stress, intonation, juncture, and rate of speech

Strategies in helping improve vocabulary:

Context Clues: A strategy of finding word meanings by using the sentences around the word.
Word Structure: A strategy of finding word meanings by breaking down words and seeking their meanings.
Visual-Aural Association: Remembering the word's meaning by thinking what it looks like or sounds like.
Dictionary: If you ever encounter new words, you can pull out your dictionary and identify the word.

Voice tips for effective speaking:
Through verbal communication, people learn about your thoughts, ideas, products, and services. We convey feelings through a variety of voice qualities which are sometimes called paralanguage.
To make communication effective and appealing it requires:

Volume and pace: These qualities can work in unison and achieve powerful effects if it's used in a careful, controlled way.

Volume: Should be great enough to be heard by everyone trying to reach your voice.

Pace: Should be adapted to the message by drawing out simple effective points.

Intonation: Intonation refers to the voice pitch. We usually speak in a range of pitches from low to high. The range between high and low intonations varies from individual to individual, and from one linguistic population to another.
Stress: Use of words by emphasizing the ones you consider important. As you speak, be conscious of the effects of sense stress on the meaning you're trying to convey.
Juncture: Juncture refers to the way vowels and consonants are joined in the stream of speech.

Communication: A way to converse properly so that one can listen and understand what they are talking about. It is an important part of life from your regular every-day activities to your profession basis.

Communication has three different parts.

Cause: The one starting the conversation.
Distance: The thing that separates the cause and effect(Communication)
Effect: The receiver of the conversation

Example:

Cause->Distance<-Effect

rewrite:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zrZsZf-Sz5MXplvE4fqQlKhbRbyj3QbFAeq-SBmqrRI/pub

07.06.15

Context clues: In identifying unknown words, you can find many different clues that authors leave in the sentence around unknown words.

Example: Predators use mimicry to take the appearance of something else, in order to catch their prey.

Mimicry: to take the appearance of something else

In order to find context clues, you must:

Re-read the word.
Find clues around the sentence.
Jot down the definition.

Remember: Authors leave clues around the sentence that surrounds the word.
Fact: A common mistake is that readers make, is that they usually skip over the word and continue reading until everything leads to confusion.
Tip: Context clues are more time saving than searching in the dictionary.

Idiomatic Expressions

Idiomatic words are words that do not follow hard and fast grammar rules. The usage of context clues might also be effective to clarify idiomatic expressions.

Example: The new school managed attracting new teachers.

Idiomatic expressions use infinitive phrases so replace managed attracting to managed to attract
New Example: The new school managed to attract new teachers.

Pitch - The vocal range of an individual.

Example: I did that.

Pitch false in a statement.

Example: I did that?

Pitch rises in a question.

Intonation:
Different pitch patterns of pitch we use to reinforce a message or doubt about it.

Pauses: Brief silences in speech that may be the result of awkward silences, dramatizing a situation, or just thinking about something.

Volume and pace: These qualities can work in unison and achieve powerful effects if it's used in a careful, controlled way.

Volume: Should be great enough to be heard by everyone trying to reach your voice.

Pace: Should be adapted to the message by drawing out simple effective points.

Some unfamiliar words:

Unfamiliar word: Catechism

Definition: A summary of the principles of Christian religion.

Strategy used to find the meaning: Dictionary

Unfamiliar word: Calloused

Definition: Hardened area of the skin due to chemical exposure.

Strategy used to find the meaning: Visual-Aural association

Unfamiliar word: Baloney

Definition: a foolish deceptive talk

Strategy used to find the meaning: Word Structure

Unfamiliar word: Kiln

Definition: a furnace for pottery, baking and incinerating.

Strategy used to find the meaning: Context Clues

Strategies to help improve vocabulary:

Context Clues: Finding a meaning around the word.
Word Structure: Searching for word properties.
Visual-Aural association: Searching for relevant meanings.
Dictionary: Searching words in a dictionary.

07.06.15
From the story: The Hands of Blacks

Teller: Fr. Christiano

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because they grasped their hands together and spend time praying in secret.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

He may have seen how blacks pray during a catechism.

Teller: Doňa Dores

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies so they wouldn't dirty the things of their masters.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

She may have owned a black slave to serve her.

Teller: Doňa Estifina

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because they are bleached by washing cotton.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

She may have seen how blacks wash cottons.

Teller: Senhor Antunes

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because their hands aren't baked by God's heavenly kilns.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

Probably just a joke he heard before he showed up.

Teller: Senhor Frias

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because they only wet their palms and soles in the lake of heaven

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

He may have heard about a story that the blacks were created in the lake of heaven.

Teller: Book author

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because they spend most of their time gathering cottons in Virgina.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

Maybe he saw where blacks gather cotton.

Teller: Narrators mother

Explanation: The hands of blacks are lighter than the rest of their bodies because they had to be.

Possible experiences that lead to the explanation:

Maybe she has sympathy to the blacks or she is one or she just doesn't know.

A note to African Literature:

African literature is rich in oral traditions. Oral traditions pass down messages through speech or song. They may take the form of folktales, fables, epic histories, narrations, proverbs and sayings. They help people make sense of their environment. Teaching adults and children about social and human morals is an important aspect of their culture. Oral traditions have a strong influence on African literature, they have made African writers successful and gained attention for the African Slave Trade to stop.

07.20.15

Activity 7: What is common?

Take note of the bold words and the underlined word groups in the following sentences.

The child was interested to find the reason behind a Black’s light hand.
Adults around him were eager to answer his question.
He was not afraid of the answers he would get.

You can see that the bold(FONT) words are adjectives.
The Underlined words are complementing it.
What is common among the sentences is that they all have adjective complement.

Adjective complement - an adjective complement follows an adjective and comes in the form of prepositional and infinitive phrases and clauses.

Activity 8: Complement or not

Work with a partner. If the underlined group of words is an adjective complement, write YES on the blank before the number. If it is not, write NO and explain why it is not an adjective complement.

Racial discrimination is difficult to understand.

YES

People should never be happy to see others being oppressed.

YES

Governments should rejoice when citizens fight for their human rights.

YES

Public servants in different parts of the world should work together to promote human dignity.

NO; Because the sentence's complete without the complement.

It is important that future generations of children inherit a more just and humane world.

YES

08/03/2015

Basic Elements of Spoken Language:
Basic elements of spoken language involves stress, intonation and pause. They help clarify the delivery of the message.

Stress: An emphasis placed on a syllable, word or a sentence to clarify or change it's meaning. Stress is another important element of paralanguage. The way you emphasize words can change the meaning of your sentences. As you speak, be conscious of the effects of sense stress on the meaning you're trying to convey. Use stress to help your listener understand the sense in which you use words and to show which words you consider to be important.

Stressed Syllables
A stressed syllable usually combines the following features:
1. It is longer.
2. It is louder
3. It is said more clearly.
4. It has a higher pitch.
5. It uses larger facial movements.
Example:

Word	Type	Tendency	Exceptions
Apple Table Happy	Two-syllable nouns and adjectives	Apple – Stressed syllable at the beginning	Hotel Lagoon
Suspect Import Insult	Words that are both noun and verbs.	He’s the Suspect! I suspect this guy.	Respect Witness
Hairbrush Football	Compound Words	Hairbrush

Stressed Words:

Has three functions:

To emphasize an idea

Example: This test is hard

To point out the difference of ideas

Example: I like this color

To present new information

Example:We start at nine o' clock.

08/10/15

Activity 11: Stressed or Not?

Find a partner.
Take turns in reading aloud the given words and sentences.
Then take turns telling each other

how easy or difficult it is to read properly
how well you think you read.
how well you think your partner read.

Words:

Distinguish
Civilization
Tolerance
Community
Philosopher

Sentences.

The conception of what an educated man varies in response to fundamental changes in the details and aim of the society.
The conception of what an educated man varies in to fundamental changes in the details and aim of the society.
In our country, during this transition stage in our national life, what qualities which an educated man should possess?
In our country, during this transition stage in our national life, what qualities which an educated man should possess?
The have improved the means of communication and therefore better understanding exists among the different sections of our country.
The have improved the means of communication and therefore better understanding exists among the different sections of our country.

Intonation:

Intonation refers to the voice pitch. We usually speak in a range of pitches from low to high. The range between high and low intonations varies from individual to individual, and from one linguistic population to another.
Remainders and Guidelines

Wh- questions
Yes/no- questions
Statements

Pause:

Pause, when used in an appropriate way helps impart clarity in what you are saying. It helps clarify the main points inn such a way that will make a lasting impression.
When to Pause

To punctuate
To emphasize
Change of thought
Emphasis
Allowing the audience to respond

Activity 12: To pause or no to pause:
Note:

/ denotes a short pause
// denotes a long pause
CAPITALIZED words denotes stress

Paragraphs

With this growth in national consciousness/ and national spirit among our people,/we witness the corresponding rise of a new conception of education/ the training of the individual for the duties and privileges of citizenship,/ NOT ONLY for his own
happiness and efficiency/ BUT ALSO for national service and welfare.// In the OLD DAYS,/ education was a matter of PRIVATE concern./ NOW it is a
PUBLIC function,/ and the state NOT ONLY has the
DUTY/ BUT it has the RIGHT as well to educate every member of the community/ the OLD as well as the
YOUNG,/ WOMEN as well as MEN/ NOT ONLY for the good of the INDIVIDUAL/ BUT ALSO for the self-preservation and protection of the STATE itself.// Our modern public school system has been established/ as a safeguard against the shortcomings and dangers/ of a democratic government and democratic institutions.//

The reading selection was written by Francisco F. Benitez, first dean of the university of the Philippines(UP). The essay was an excerpt from an address before he organized a general assembly in UP in 1923. This section helps you practice proper stress and pause usage.

What is an educated Filipino(excerpt)?

The conception of what an educated man varies in response to fundamental changes in the details and aim of the society. In our country, during this transition stage in our national life, what qualities which an educated man should possess? The have improved the means of communication and therefore better understanding exists among the different sections of our country. With this growth in national consciousness and national spirit among our people,we witness the corresponding rise of a new conception of education the training of the individual for the duties and privileges of citizenship, not only for his own happiness and efficiency but also for national service and welfare. In the old days, education was a matter of PRIVATE concern. Now it is a public function, and the state NOT ONLY has the DUTY BUT it has the RIGHT as well to educate every member of the community the old as well as the young, women as well as men not only for the good of the individual and for the self-preservation and protection of the STATE itself. Our modern public school system has been established as a safeguard against the shortcomings and dangers of a democratic government and democratic institutions.

Process

Read and analyze the essay "African Child" and "What is an educated Filipino"

Reflect and Understand:

State of the nation then
State of the nation now
Concept of education
Image of an educated person
Vision for the future
Speaker

	What is an educated Filipino?	African Child
State of the nation then	Education is just a private concern	Africans were always a target of racism, discrimination, etc…
State of the nation now	Old customs, traditions and means of communication have changed for the better.	Africans were now treated fairly. Old customs, traditions and means of communication have changed for the better.
Concept of education	A matter of private concern in the past. A Public function in the present.
Image of an educated person	Educated quality possess the response to society welfare in order to train with privilege and efficiency
Vision for the future	Educated qualities possess the ability to take an active and useful response to society.	Africa’s new generation will have the ability to make the best of their talents.
Speakers	Visions to improve the status of education.	Visions to be treated fairly by the content of their character.

08.17.15

Activity 14: What's next?

Study the sematic web about Africa of your chosen topic.
Use it as a guide to write your informative article.

My Article:

Human History and The cradle of Humankind

Humans have gotten this far in the modern age, when/where did they start?

Dating back millions of years ago, life originated in the regions of South Africa according to scientists. This is because fossil remains tell about the conditions about how our prehistoric ancestors live before. Other than bones of prehistoric animals and people, ancient tools were also discovered indicating that early humans use varuous tools for survival. African caves formed from cyanobacteria that dwell in the prehistoric seas and became dolmite rocks when the waters dried up, show fossils of early humans and animals preserve within the dolmite rock.

The caves that are located on the cradle of humankind are declared as an UNESCO World heritage site.

08.24.15

Building Up The Knowledge Bank
You may be aware that there are more to discover about Asian traditions and values.
In this lesson, you will build up your knowledge bank with the rich and variant traditions of Chinese and Japanese. Through this you would the question "How can I understand my identity as a Filipino and as an Asian?"

In this lesson you will be able to:

Identify changes in the meaning of a spoken message due to changes in stress, intonation, and pauses (Oral Language and Fluency)
Express feelings and attitudes by listening to variations in stress, tone, and tempo (Listening Comprehension)
Guess meanings of words or expressions by noting keywords in
expressions, context clues, collocations, clusters, etc.
(Vocabulary Development)
Scan rapidly for connecting words or expressions that signal sequence in
the organization of a text
(Reading Comprehension)
Demonstrate a heightened sensitivity to the needs of others as illustrated in a literary text (Literary Appreciation)
Narrate events logically (Reading Comprehension)
Write informative articles that relate to culture and values (Writing and Composition)
Formulate correct conditional statements (Grammar Structure and Awareness)
Gather data using general references
(Study Skills)
Express a different opinion without being difficult
(Attitude)
Prepare a travel brochure on the traditions and values of China, Japan and the Philippines (Writing and Composition)

Activity 1:
Families all over the world celebrate important events that preserve the history and traditions of their countries. Most of these are handed down from one generation to the next. These are some of the families in various countries who celebrate various festivals

Filipino Family

Simbang Gabi

Japanese Family

Nada no Kenka matsuri

African Family

Masked Carnival Parades

Chinese Family

Lantern Festival

Activity 2: ARG TIME!
“Response before the lesson” in your notebook. The
right column, “Response after the lesson” will be answered at the end of the lesson.

Response Before the Lesson	Statements	Response After the Lesson
Agree	Japan, Philippines, China have many examples of oral literature
Agree	China has different folktales that feature their religious beliefs.
Disagree	Only Asian countries have wedding traditions.
Agree	Love for family is often the theme of Japan’s oral literature.
Disagree; Not all	For Asians, shame and honour go far beyond the individual; and reflect directly upon ones’ family.
Disagree; Not all	Philippines, China, and Japan have traditions that are influenced by religion.
Disagree	Kimono, geisha, sumo, and Samurai are parts of Chinese traditions.
Agree	Philippines, China and Japan have rice and tofu as staple food.
Agree	Japanese write haikus to honour nature
Agree	Hard work is one of the outstanding qualities of Chinese and Japanese.
Agree	Philippines, China and Japan have three common qualities: love for the family, religiosity, and value for work .

09/21/15

Activity 3: Vocabulary Building
This time, be ready to read the folktale: "The Soul Of the Great Bell" from China. Go over the following terms and expressions taken from the story. Understand the underlined text and context clues.

Now the(1)Mallet is lifted to (2)smite the lips of the bell inscribed with Buddhist texts.

Mallet: A large hammer
Smite: To hit

And the little dragons on the high eaves of thee green roofs (3)shiver to the tips of their glided tails under the deep waves of the sound. Twisting and (4)writhing against the sky.

Shiver: Tremble
Writhing: Twisting

Therefore, the worthy mandarin Kuan-yu assembled the master molders and renowned bell-smiths of the empire. All men of great dispute and (5)cunning in(6)foundry work.

cunning: Skillful
foundry: Factory

Therefore, molds have to be once more prepared and fires (7)rekindled and the metal remelted and all the (8)toilsome work had to be done once more.

rekindled: light again
toilsome: with difficulty

Activity 4: Spin a Story Wheel

Activity 5: Ring that bell
Have you noticed the descriptions of the bell in the story? Fill out the best descriptions to answer the following questions.

Before Ko-ngai jumped into the furnace

The bell's features and parts were cracked and calloused
The bell sounds were unpleasant

After Ko-ngai jumped into the furnace

The bell's features and parts were beautifully merged
The sound is pleasant, strengthened, deepened, and sweetened.

The title "Soul of the Great Bell" is named after Ko-Ngai's soul within the bell

Activity 6: Values Galore!

List down and support Chinese values/traditions found in the story

The Soul of the Great Bell
Love for their family	Ko-Ngai loved her father with such love that she had refused a hundred worthy suitors rather than make his home desolate by her absence.
Obedience/Hard work	The black-smiths labored exceedingly, like giants neglecting only rest and sleep and the comforts of life; toiling both night and day in obedience to Kouan-Yu, and striving in all things to do the behest of the Son of Heaven.
Harmony	The voice of the bell is strengthened with brass, deepened with gold, and sweetened with silver; and that the face and the great lips graven with blessed sayings from the sacred books. *(The Harmony of the metals within the bell)*
Values/Traditions	Supporting Details

Activity 7: SIGNALS TO CONNECT
Below are words and lines taken from “The Soul of the Great Bell”.
Find out how these connect the paragraphs in the story. How do you
think is this achieved?

Therefore the worthy mandarin Kouan-Yu assembled the master-molders and the renowned bellsmiths of the empire, and all men of great repute and cunning in foundry work…
But when the metal had been cast, and the earthen mould separated from the glowing casting,…
A second time the bell was cast, and the result was even worse.
Now, Kouan-Yu had a daughter of dazzling loveliness whose name—Ko-Ngai—…
At last came the awful day when the third and last effort to cast the great bell was to be made;
But ere ever he lifted his finger, a cry caused him to turn his head and all heard the voice of Ko-Ngai
Then the father of Ko-Ngai, wild with his grief, would have leaped in after her, but that strong men held him back
But in spite of all these things, the command of the Celestial and August had to be obeyed, and the work of the moulders to be finished
And still, when the people hear that great golden moan they keep silence, but…

The underlined expressions link their paragraphs by either contrast, comparing and sequence.
They are organized through chronological sequence and contrast.

Activity 8: DIFFERENT STROKES FOR DIFFERENT FOLKS

The Filipinos, Chinese, and Japanese are all talented and skillful.

Your involvement in the following activities will prove this. Read

carefully the instructions and be ready to present your group work to the class.

Task 1 – For the visual artists: Draw a scene/character/an object from the story that has the most impact on the group. Give a short explanation on the connection of the drawing/illustration to our lives as Asians.

Task 2 – for the singers: Choose a song that best interprets the message of the story and sing it to the class. Your performance may be accompanied by interpretive movements. Before you perform, give the class a short background of your chosen song and how it is connected with the traditions and values you have learned about the Chinese.

Task 3 – for the actors/actresses: Role play the scene that you like best in the story. Use the words you have learned from the story. Traditional Chinese clothes using improvised materials may be used. You may also look for background Chinese music. Here are some suggested scenes but you may come up with other scenes in

the story:

 workers who labored hard to make the bell

 when Kouan Yu received the lemon colored envelope from the Mighty

Emperor

 when KoNgai leaped to the lava of melted iron

Task 4 – for the writers: Write your own ending of the story. Use the transitional devices you have learned from the selection. Include the tradition and values of the

Chinese shown in the story.

Task 5 – for the techies: Create a five-slide PowerPoint presentation highlighting the traditions and values of both the Filipinos and the Chinese. You may research on other Chinese traditions and values related to Filipino values which are not

mentioned in the story. Include them in your slide presentation.

Activity 9: WORD WATCH
Directions: In the middle of each Word Chart are words highlighted
in the text. Give the definition of the word in focus. Then, give examples of words with similar meanings (SYNONYMS)
and words that have opposite meaning (ANTONYMS). Finally, use
the word in a sentence. Write in the circle below.

Word	Synonyms	Antonyms	Definition
Despotic	Dictatorial	Democratic	Despotism is a form of government in which a single entity rules with absolute power. That entity may be an individual, as in an autocracy, or it may be a group, as in an oligarchy. The word despotism means to "rule in the fashion of a despot" and does not necessarily require a singular "despot", an individual.
mandate	order	request	An official order or commission to do something.
summit	peak	bottom	The highest point of a hill or mountain.

Activity 10: GOING JAPANESE
In the chart below, identify the values and traditions of the Japanese people that you can infer from the reading selection “The Story of the Aged Mother”. Cite the supporting detail or details in the story to prove your claim.

The Story of the Aged Mother
Japanese Traditions/Values	Details found in the Story
Will to stay with their family	The son’s surprised eyes looked back over the path, then at the poor old, shriveled hands all scratched and soiled by their work of love. His heart smote him and bowing to the grounds, he cried aloud: “Oh, honorable mother, thy kindness thrusts my heart! I will not leave thee. Together we will follow the path of twigs, and together we will die!”
Love for their family	The poor farmer loved his aged mother with tender reverence, and the order filled his heart with sorrow.
Sacrifice to keep their family safe.	Then he lifted his helpless old mother to his back and stated on his painful journey up the mountain. The road was long and steep; the narrowed road was crossed and recrossed by many paths made by the hunters and woodcutters. In some place, they mingled in a confused puzzled, but he gave no heed. One path or another, it mattered not. On he went, climbing blindly upward – ever upward towards the high bare summit of what is known as Obatsuyama.
Solving problems and disagreements in a peaceful way.	The governor was pleased at the wit of the youth and praised greatly, but he demanded to know where he had obtained his wisdom. “Alas! Alas!” cried the farmer, “the truth must be told!” and with deep bows he related his story. That very hour the cruel law was abolished, and the custom drifted into as far a past that only legends remain

10/05/15

Activity 11: ON ONE CONDITION
Analyze the following “what if statements” inspired by The Story of
The Aged Mother.

If I could talk to the son, I would express my admiration for him.

If I could talk to the mother, I would congratulate her on having a son like him.

If the son had left his mother in the mountain, then she would have died.

If you were the son, would you also save your mother?

I will express my admiration to people who do good despite of the difficulty if I will meet one.

What word is common among the given sentences?

The word common among the sentences is "if" which is a conditional statement that tells us what will occur/what we will do in an expected or unexpected event.

What does it express?

The sentences express gratitude and admiration that you can do if the sentences' events where real.

What are the common uses of conditional sentences?

The uses of these sentences often show gratitude on what will happen if the events were real.

Exercise A:

Ko-Ngai would not die a tragic death if she didn't jump to the metal.

If you were Ko-ngai, would you also jump into the boiling metal?

If it wasn't for the son uniting the people,the custom of abandoning aged people would have continued.

Exercise B:

Write two to three sentences using conditional statements about

Chinese and Japanese traditions and values you have learned from the previous activities. Compare these values with some common Filipino values and cite the title of the story where those values are evident.

If the Chinese and Japanese value their families, the Filipinos love their families, too, as shown in the story The Mats.
If Chinese and Japanese value respect, the Filipinos also have high respect that will even go down to their history just as shown in "Respecting your roots: Stories of my grandparents"

Activity 12: Seven Rules

Seven Rules of Happiness	Very Important	Important	Least important	Importance to you as a Filipino
Don’t step on the edges of the tatami mats.	ü
Honor your ancestors.	ü
Appreciate simple beauty.	ü
See How Art Reflects Nature	ü
Wear shoes outside. Wear slippers inside.	ü
Enjoy the 4 seasons. The seasonality of life: everywhere, in everything, all the time.	ü
Respect sacred places	ü

10/12/15

Activity 13: SPEAK THE LANGUAGE

You have learned in lesson 1 that meaning changes due to stress, intonation and juncture or a pause. Study the excerpt of the Keynote Speech by Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan on the Occasion of the Asia-Africa Business Summit on April 22, 2005 at Mulia Hotel, Jakarta. Read the speech excerpt observing proper stress, intonation and pauses.

Keynote Speech Excerpt:

I am honored to be with you tonight and to have been invited to be the first Li KaShing professor here at Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy.

It is a great privilege to be associated with such an influential school at a world-class university.

I am proud as well to be linked, even indirectly, with two of the outstanding figures in Asia’s growing success and rising influence on our world.

I am sorry that my dear friend Lee Kuan Yew has not been able to join us here tonight.

I will try to meet the high standards he always sets for himself and for this country.

Standards that I know are reflected at this wonderful university and in its students.

Indeed, the success of this remarkable city state provides a fitting context for what I want to talk about today.

Singapore is a shining example of Asia’s growing economic and political success and an impressive testimony to the vision, courage and commitment which is found here in such abundance.

Your region is on a roll. You, unlike Europe and the US, learnt the lessons from the financial crisis of the late 90s and put in place prudent measures to prevent a repeat. The result is your economies have weathered the recent global storms much better – and already returned to strong growth.

Over the past decades, this economic growth has helped lift hundreds of millions out of poverty. It has also established the region’s leadership on critical global issues, including trade and climate change. This is impressive in itself, but even more so if compared to the fate of Africa.

At the time of decolonization, the level of economic development in most of Asia was comparable with that of Africa. Four decades ago, for example, the per capita income of South Korea was virtually the same as that of Sudan.

Yet today, South Korea is one of the richest countries in the world while Sudan is among the poorest. Unfortunately, this comparison holds true for most countries in the two regions.

The divergent paths of Africa and Asia are a much studied subject. I want today to focus on how Africa can learn from the approach and success of Asia and, crucially, how we can build a more effective partnership to the benefit of everyone.

Activity 14: EXTRAditions!

Now that you have explored ideas about Chinese and Japanese traditions, how can you better understand your identity as an Asian? This final PROCESS activity may give you a better view of the collective values and traditions that Asians particularly Chinese and Japanese hold dear.

Read this article about Japanese and Chinese traditions. How does the knowledge of these traditions and values help you in understanding better your identity as an Asian?

Many Japanese traditions stem from their deep roots in religions. Two main religions dominate the Japanese culture: Buddhism and Shintoism.

Buddhist practices and beliefs in Japan stemmed from practices in China and were very similar to those in China. The Japanese Tea Ceremony is a cultural tradition that originated in China. The tea was considered medicine that promoted physical and spiritual health and was consumed for enjoyment purposes primarily. The spiritual aspect involves harmony between the persons participating in the ceremony, respect for those involved in the ceremony, and purity. These three aspects bring tranquillity to those who participate in the tradition.

Japanese Theatre : Noh & Kabuki Drama

Noh drama is rigidly traditional Japanese drama which in its present form dates back to the early 14th century. Noh plays are short dramas combining music, dance, and lyrics, with a highly stylized ritualistic presentation. Kabuki drama combined elements of noh drama and folk theatre.

The Japanese New Year Celebration (January 1-15)

In Japan, the celebration of the New Year is the most significant and important holiday. During this time they begin the New Year with a clean slate, spend time with family and friends and prepare for the events of the New Year. After the cleaning, houses are decorated with straw ropes and pine bough that is burned in a ceremonial bonfire at the end of the New Year’s celebration.

Kimono and Yukata are traditional Japanese clothing. Kimono are made of silk and are usually very expensive. Nowadays they are worn at formal or traditional occasions such as funerals, weddings or tea ceremonies. Only rarely can kimono still be seen in everyday life. The Yukata, on the other hand, is more of informal leisure clothing.

Sumo is a Japanese style of wrestling and Japan's national sport. It originated in ancient times as a performance to entertain the Shinto gods. Many rituals with religious background are still followed today.

Most houses in Japan have tatami mats. Tatami were originally a luxury item for the nobility. During the Heian period, when the shinden-zukuri architectural style of aristocratic residences was consummated, the flooring of shinden-zukuri palatial rooms were mainly wooden, and tatami were only used as seating for the highest aristocrats. It is said that prior to the mid-16th century, the ruling nobility and samurai slept on tatami or woven mats called goza, while commoners used straw mats or loose straw for bedding.

Japanese Haiku started as Hokku, an opening stanza of an orthodox collaborative linked poem, or renga, and of its later derivative, renku (or haikai no renga). By the time of Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694), the hokku had begun to appear as an independent poem, and was also incorporated in haibun(a combination of prose and hokku), and haiga (a combination of painting with hokku). In the late 19th century, Masaoka Shiki (1867–1902) renamed the standalone hokku or poem to haiku.

Like the Japanese, Chinese considered tea as one of their seven basic necessities. Firewood, oil, salt, soy sauce and vinegar were some of the basic needs. Ways of tea preparation, tasting it and the occasions on which it is consumed make the Chinese tea culture unique.

In the beginning, tea was cultivated and used solely as herbal medicine mostly within temples. Monks began to use tea to teach a respect for nature, humility and an overall sense of peace and calm. Today, there are six major aspects to consider when performing a Chinese Tea Ceremony: attitude of the person performing the ceremony, tea selection, water selection, tea ware selection, ambiance and technique.

Children serve tea to their elders as a token of respect. People of lower order are supposed to serve tea to people of higher ranks. This custom is still practiced on formal occasions.

Chinese weddings have certain traditional customs. As a form of expressing gratitude, the bride and groom kneel in front of their parents and offer them tea. In olden times, drinking the tea offered showed acceptance of marriage while refusal represented opposition to the marriage.

Chopsticks are believed to symbolize kindness and gentleness. Confucianism taught the Chinese to abandon knives and forks from the dining table. So they have their food cut to bite-size before it comes on the table.

New Year is one of the most prominent festivals of the Chinese calendar. It is about getting together. Red is believed to abolish bad luck. So people clothe in red for the New Year celebration.

A long dragon made of silk, bamboo, and paper are carried along streets. Young men hold the dragon and dance while carrying the dragon along. The Dragon dance is an ancient Chinese tradition. When you give your gift make sure to wrap it in red and gold never with white, black or grey as they symbolize death.

10/26/15

Activity 15: INFO SEARCH

Conduct an online or library research to come up with a comprehensive view of the unifying and distinctive characteristics, values, and traditions of the people of China, Japan, and

Philippines in preparation for your final performance task.

Aspect of Life/ Culture	China	Japan		Philippines
Famous festivals	Tea Ceremony	Ocha Matsuri	Pasko
Wedding Traditions	Tea Offering	Tea Offering (Optional)	Western Traditions
Unique cuisines/dishes	Chow Fun	Tempura	Adobo
Family Values	Obedience	Honour	Respect
Music/Theatre Arts	Ancient Art/Music	Modern/Ancient art/music	Pre-Hispanic/Modern art/music
Literature	Didactic Poetry/Drama	Noh and Kabuki	Pre-Hispanic
Martial arts	Kung-Fu	Karate	Arnis
Social values	Taoism/Confucianism	Confucianism Influence	Christian Influence
Popular culture	C-pop	Manga/Anime	Social Media
Unique Beliefs	Taoism	Shintoism	Catholic

Activity 16: It helps to know

Read the following passages about Asian-African tradition and draw conclusion or make predictions about each

1. Parents are really keen to see that their children are married to suitable families. Married sons continue to live with their parents in the same household. It is considered ideal for men to marry and bring their brides to go live with them. A unique feature to the Chinese families that has been enforced in the country.

Inference	Evidence
Chinese value their families. They want to ensure their children to marry proper families even to the part where they choose who their children should marry.	Parents are really keen to see that their children are married to suitable families. A unique feature to the Chinese families that has been enforced in the country.

Activity 17: Traditions and Values revisited

Directions: Reflect on the previous topics and fill out the retrieval chart.

Five Common Tradition and Values of Chinese/Japanese/Filipino
Aspect of Culture	Specific Tradition	Best Features
Literature	Influencing Literature	Chinese Poetry, Haiku, Epiko, etc…
Religion	Religion as a way of Life	Confucianism and Taoism, Shintoism, Western Religion
Arts	Traditional/Ancient arts	Shui-mo, ukiyo-e, Multicultural arts
Customs/Celebrations	New year, scheduled ceremonies, Christmas	Chinese new year, Tea Ceremony, Pasko
Food	Ceremonies with food	Chinese/Japanese tea ceremony, Pasko at Bagong Taon

Xander Home Study Guide

Home Study Guide

K12 Grade 8 ENGLISH

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